When the wide-angle lens, standard lens, and telephoto lens can't meet our needs, we must rely on special lenses to show off. There are many types of special lenses, including macro lenses, fisheye lenses, shift lenses and foldback lenses.

　　1) Macro lens:

　　 Strictly speaking, only lenses with a magnification ratio of 1:1 or above can be used It is really called a macro lens. Nowadays, the term macro can be used to define those close-up images in general.

　　 The closest focusing distance of the macro lens is very short, providing an amazing magnification, suitable for those close-up enthusiasts.

　　2) Fisheye lens:

　　The origin of the name fisheye lens is because the fish’s eyes can look upwards Seeing things in the entire hemisphere, that is, the field of view of its eyes has reached 180 degrees. The real fisheye lens viewing angle should not be less than 180 degrees. This degree usually refers to the angle between the two ends of the diagonal, but there is also Some fisheye lenses can achieve a full 180-degree viewing angle, and they present a circular image in the viewfinder. If you need a very wide viewing angle to create surreal effects, fisheye lenses can help you.

　　3) Shift lens lens design (perspective control lens):

　　 The optical axis of the conventional lens is fixed Yes, it is perpendicular to the plane of the image sensor, so if you want to tilt the camera up or down, the subject will be deformed. The shift lens (perspective control lens) is designed to correct this problem. The shift lens can make the optical axis move in two ways: tilt and offset. If you want to change the perspective, a shift lens can do it.

　　4) Folding lens:

　　 The folding lens is composed of perspective combined mirrors, and the working principle is similar to the reflective type telescope. Most foldback lenses have a focal length of more than 500 mm, and the maximum aperture value is f/5.6 or f/8. The foldback lens is suitable for photographers who need a telephoto lens but cannot afford the expensive price of a telephoto prime lens.

　　Choose a fixed focus lens or a zoom lens

　　 This is not a question that can be answered in simple and clear language . Still like that, the decision you make is based on your budget and needs. In the previous article, we discussed the advantages of fixed focus and zoom lenses. The zoom lens has rich functions, the maximum aperture of the fixed focus lens is larger, and the image quality is better.

　　Many photographers have both optical lenses and zoom. Due to the flexibility of zoom lenses and variable focal length, they are more popular than fixed focus lenses and can also help you save your budget.

　　 If you can only buy or carry one lens, then the zoom lens is undoubtedly the best choice. They are more suitable for travel photography, or when you have to travel a long distance and need to pack lightly, a 'multifunctional lens' like 18-200mm is undoubtedly the most practical choice.

　　 Prime lenses are usually better optically, and their maximum aperture is relatively larger. But the single focal length brings limitations. From another perspective, this may also make you more diligent and force you to think more about composition and perspective, instead of standing still and changing the focus.

　　 Therefore, the prime lens still has a place in your camera bag. Many avid photographers, after forming a large set of lenses, often invest in at least one or two high-quality prime lenses. Before you buy, carefully consider what you expect the lens to bring to you, and what is your primary purpose of photography. Let these answers help you make a choice.

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